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Vascular/Interventional Radiology is a subspecialty of radiology encompassing procedures performed using imaging guidance such as fluoroscopy, CT and ultrasound to diagnose and treat a wide variety of conditions. Because diagnostic imaging and interventional techniques can eliminate the need for more invasive and costly exploratory surgery, these special procedures help reduce patient recovery time, with results that are equal or superior to those experienced through more invasive procedures.
Interventional radiologists use their expertise in reading x-rays, ultrasounds and other medical images to guide small instruments such as catheters (tubes that measure just a few millimeters in diameter) through the blood vessels or other pathways to treat disease percutaneously (through the skin).
All interventional procedures are performed at Aakash hospital state-of- the-art vascular lab.
Angiography refers to real-time X-rays of arteries or veins following the injection of contrast material, which makes the vessels clearly visible under imaging. The contrast material is delivered through a thin catheter (tube) into a particular blood vessel and shows the inside of the vessel, allowing the interventional radiologist to locate the vessels which are diseased, narrowed, enlarged or occluded. Angiography is the primary method used to guide many interventional radiology procedures in the circulatory system, including angioplasty, embolisation and targeted delivery of chemotherapy.
Angioplasty is a procedure used to open blocked or narrowed blood vessels by inserting a very small balloon into the vessel and inflating it. This technique is used to unblock clogged arteries in the legs or arms (called peripheral vascular disease or PVD), kidneys, brain or elsewhere in the body.
A stent is a small flexible tube made of plastic or wire mesh, used to treat a variety of medical conditions (e.g., to hold open clogged blood vessels or other pathways that have been narrowed or blocked by tumors or obstructions). For example, it can be used to treat narrow or weak arteries (Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from your heart to other parts of your body).
An aortic endograft or stent-graft is a relatively new, non-surgical alternative to surgery that reinforces a ruptured or abnormal ballooning section of an artery, (an aneurysm) with a flexible fabric-wrapped mesh tube used to patch the blood vessel.
Chemoembolization is defined as the delivery of cancer-fighting agents directly to the site of the cancer tumor. Chemoembolization is used mostly to treat cancers of the liver including metastasis from various other sites.
Image-guided Vena Cava Filter Placement
Management of Portal Bleeding by Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt known as TIPS
Indicated clinical conditions:
→ Peripheral artery disease (PAD)
Most commonly a result of atherosclerosis, occlusion of normal blood flow in the upper and lower extremities may result in pain, skin ulcers, or gangrene. ,Balloon angioplasty , Stenting, and mechanical atherectomy are available interventional treatments. For example, carotid stenting is used for treatment of carotid artery stenosis
→ Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
The formation of a thrombus, or blood clot, in the deep leg veins which may lead to swelling, discoloration, and pain. DVTs can result post-thrombotic syndrome and pulmonary embolism. Post-thrombotic syndrome is irreversible damage from a long-standing DVT in the affected leg veins and valves, leading to chronic pain, swelling, and severe skin ulcers. Pulmonary embolism is a life-threatening condition which occurs when a deep vein thrombus (DVT) breaks off and travels to the lungs, resulting in difficulty breathing. Catheter-directed thrombolysis, balloon angioplasty, or stenting may be performed in the affected vein to dissolve the clot and restore normal blood flow.
→ IVC filter placement
Patients who have a history of or are at risk for pulmonary embolism may receive temporary or permanent inferior vena cava (IVC) filters to prevent the migration of blood clots to the lungs and consequently prevent recurrence of pulmonary embolism.
→ Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA)
A weakening and dilatation of the abdominal aorta wall that can result in abdominal or back pain, and potentially life-threatening bleeding if it ruptures. Interventional treatment of this condition via non-surgical means is endovascular aneurysm repair, using angiography and stenting to occlude the AAA and prevent its continued growth.
→ Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and Aortic dissection
Aneurysms, or dilatations, of the thoracic (chest cavity) aorta may be caused by atherosclerosis, syphilis, trauma, or multiple other conditions. Aortic dissections are tears in the thoracic aorta resulting from trauma or weakening of the aortic vessel walls from conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and congenital conditions such as Marfan syndrome. Interventional treatments for TAAs and aortic dissections utilize stent grafts, sometimes in combination with surgery, to prevent blood flow from enlarging the diseased area or rupturing the aorta.
→ Acute limb ischemia
The sudden disruption of blood flow to an arm or a leg due to arterial occlusion by a blood clot or other debris, potentially treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis or mechanical thrombectomy.
→ Aneurysms of visceral arteries
Dilatation of visceral arteries supplying organs such as the spleen, liver, or gastrointestinal tract can result in pain and life-threatening bleeding. Stenting, embolization, liquid occlusion, and thrombin injection are the available interventional therapies for these disorders.
→ Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)
Aberrations in normal vascular anatomy treatable by embolization which may cause pain, bleeding, heart problems, or cosmetic concerns.
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Aakash Cardiac Care is a unit of Aakash Hospital. Aakash Hospital has strived to continuously provide quality care for residents of North Chennai in the last decade. It is a fully equipped 120 bed hospital with a wide range of facilities to ensure the comfort of our patients from all walks of life. Cleanliness is maintained from begining to end of each floor and on every floor of the hospital. It is fitted with the latest technological equipments for faster diagnosis in an aim to start early treatment for best care, immediate treatment and quick cure. It has emerged as the best hospital, for all needs, for all of North Chennai.